This study assessed the incidence and potential risk factors for extrapyramidal symptoms in a population of nursing home residents with schizophrenia receiving antipsychotic medication. A study sample consisted of 261subjects, recruited in nursing homes in Poland. Extrapyramidal symptoms were evaluated using the Simpson–Angus Scale and each extrapyramidal symptoms domain was determined using the appropriate standard scale. The results of the study indicate that approximately 60–70% of patients did not develop extrapyramidal symptoms following prolonged antipsychotic treatment. The risk of extrapyramidal symptoms increased with age, dose of antipsychotic and the number of antipsychotic drugs used concomitantly, and decreased with the duration of the disease. There was no direct effect of gender or common substances of abuse, such as alcohol or nicotine, on the incidence of extrapyramidal symptoms. Among concomitant diseases, hypertension and epilepsy played the most significant role in modulating the incidence and severity of extrapyramidal adverse events. Patients with high blood pressure were less likely to develop extrapyramidal symptoms. Epilepsy significantly increased the risk of some extrapyramidal antipsychoticinduced motor symptoms, such as akathisia and dystonia. Combined treatment with antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs produced slightly higher risk of parkinsonian syndrome. In conclusion, our data indicate that an incidence, type and severity of drug-induced extrapyramidal adverse effects may strongly depend on individual patient characteristics, such as age, gender or comorbid medical conditions and medication, and thus these factors should be taken into account in the therapeutic process.